New Maps Identify Ideal Areas for Growing Bambara Groundnut in Southern Africa
Researchers have used computer simulations to map the best areas for growing bambara groundnut, a drought-tolerant indigenous legume, in South Africa and Eswatini. This study helps identify optimal planting times and land suitability, supporting more resilient agriculture amid increasing drought risks in southern Africa.
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New computer simulations have identified the most suitable areas and optimal planting times for bambara groundnut cultivation in South Africa and Eswatini. This indigenous legume, known for its drought tolerance and nutritional benefits, could enhance agricultural resilience in southern Africa, especially as the region faces increased drought risks in 2026 due to the super El Niño phenomenon.
The study, led by indigenous crop specialists and a hydrology MSc student, analyzed 49 growing seasons to pinpoint where bambara groundnut can thrive, considering rainfall and frost-free periods. Bambara groundnut, historically cultivated widely in Africa during the 1800s and early 1900s, remains mainly grown by smallholder farmers but has yet to be adopted broadly by commercial agriculture.
Wider cultivation of bambara groundnut could diversify crops and diets, providing important nutrients such as protein, fiber, and minerals like iron, zinc, and calcium. The research underscores the need for government and agricultural extension services in South Africa to support farmers in adopting this crop to build climate resilience.